Avaliação de milho (Zea mays) e feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata) em solo (neossolo litólico) contaminado com Al(III) através de análise morfológica e espectrofotométrica

Abstract

Aluminum in its ionic form, Al (III), presents itself as a problem for the development of plant cultures and has been pointed as a potential factor for the emergence of neurodegenerative and bone diseases in humans. In this work we evaluated the influence of different Al (III) concentrations on soil samples (eutrophic cambisol) and corn (Zea mays) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) crops. This evaluation was made by the morphological and spectrophotometric analysis of the plants and by the analyzes by the titulometric and spectrophotometric method for the soil. Thus, a planting was performed for 21 days. The seed containers, three corn or three bean, were arranged in eight blocks, each block containing all soil samples treated with different Al (III) concentrations. After the germination and growth period, the crops and soil were analyzed. The main symptoms of morphological alteration observed in the plants were chlorosis, leaf curling and reduction in the root system and size. The spectrophotometric analysis of the plants resulted in Al (III) concentrations between 167.58-181.26 mg L-1. The analyzes performed on soil samples for Al (III) concentration by both methods presented different values. The titration method showed variations between 16.19-59.36 mg L-1 of Al (III), while in the spectrophotometric the values obtained were between 168.24-230.77 mg L-1 of Al (III).