Quintal Agroflorestal: estudo de caso em uma unidade produtiva familiar no Assentamento Chico Mendes III, Paudalho-PE

Abstract

Rural extension activities are much more than simply helping others discover new planting techniques, it is up to them to exchange experiences, which enriches both parties. From this assumption, the present work has as general objective to carry out a case study in the agroforestry yard in a family productive unit in the Chico Mendes III settlement in Paudalho - PE. Through a participatory methodology using the Participatory Rural Diagnostic-DRP technique, where the settlement's participation in the process is fundamental, the study was developed. The area destined for family farming in an agroforestry system (SAF) is located on plot 55 where D. Gercina lives and works, owning the land for a little more than 5 ha of productive land, where tree and fruit tree species are cultivated and not fruit, vegetables, ornamental, medicinal and others. Throughout the study some problems were diagnosed inside the agroforestry yard, such as lack of pruning, difficulty of access, beginning of erosion, uncovered soil and pest control. Among these problems, the owner of the lot as urgent presented two: the replanting of an area, which through an uncontrolled burning decimated part of its fruit trees and the incidence of a pest in its coconut plantation. In the search for resolutions to the two problems presented, a survey of the botanical families was carried out in order to know the floristic diversity of the site if specimens were needed for replanting. Soil samples were collected to analyze post-burn soil fertility. Liming with dolomitic limestone was performed because the fertility analysis showed low values of nutrients. This was followed by organic fertilization with tanned cattle manure and wood ash provided by the owner in quantities recommended by a specialized technical agency. The affected area was replanted with fruit trees. To solve the second problem, the pest was identified through collection and study. To control this drill, traps were made using sugarcane as bait and pheromone aggregation capsules, both serving as attractive to capture this drill called coconut borer (Rhynchophorus palmarum). The objectives were satisfactorily achieved. The area affected by the fire was covered by fruit plantations and intercropped with corn, pineapple and citronella plantations to prevent erosion and make the planted space profitable in the medium and long term. The area where there was incidence of the coconut borer, the installation of traps proved to be effective. The sum of the forces between the university, in the person of the teacher and the student, and the small farmer in the person of the settler, corroborates the assumption that the interrelationship between the academic sciences and the peasantry with the purpose of the sustainable use of science land are viable complements.