Osteossíntese femoral em cão por meio da técnica plate-rod: relato de caso

Abstract

Long bone fractures, mainly in the femur, which represent 45%, are the most common complaints in the clinical surgical routine of veterinary medicine, and may reach averages of 20 to 25% of the total in dogs and cats, respectively. The most frequent causes related to this injury are roadkill, falls from high heights, high impact and injuries by ballistic projectiles. The aim of the present study was to report a case of an approximately three months old SRD dog weighing 4.4 kg, suffering from traumatic bone injury treated by plate-rod technique, as well as to review the literature on femoral fractures. in dogs and their osteosynthesis techniques. The plate-rod technique confers a spatial alignment of the main bone fragments by placing a bone plate and an intramedullary nail, thus filling the fracture spaces. This implant aimed to neutralize the axial compression, traction, shear, rotation and flexion forces acting on the bone. The fracture was directly reduced with exposure of the fracture focus, using a 1.5 mm Steinman intramedullary nail and a 2 mm bone plate with five 1.5 mm locked screws, three in the proximal portion and two in the distal. The treatment of fractures aims to promote healing, restore the function of the affected bone and surrounding soft tissue, achieve acceptable aesthetic appearance and promote early return to limb physiological function. The chosen technique had a satisfactory result and can be confirmed on the 60-day radiograph, which showed good bone healing, proper alignment of the fragments and good fixation of the implant without pin migration and loosening of the screws.