Crescimento vegetativo do gladíolo Amsterdam em diferentes condições ambientais

Abstract

The gladiolus stands out among the cut flowers cultivated in Brazil, as soon as it presents ease of cultivation and rapid financial return. However, its growth and productivity can be altered as a result of changes in the meteorological elements. This study investigated the vegetative growth of the gladiolus submitted to different shading environments in Serra Talhada -PE. The experiment was conducted at the Academic Unit of Serra Talhada \UFRPE, from June 28 to September 1, in a completely randomized design in three cultivation environments, full sun (control), under black shading 70% (sombrite) and 70% thermo-reflector(aluminet). The Amsterdam variety (Gladiolus x hortullanus L), cultivated in polyethylene containers with a volume of nine liters, was filledwith soil, sand and vermiculite (2: 1: 1) and three bulbs per container. Biometric parameters were evaluated: plant height, number of leaves, neck diameter, and biomass: leaf dry mass, dry mass of the bulb and dry mass of the root. In addition, meteorological elements were monitored: air temperature, relative air humidity, radiation and wind speed. The highest values in relation to plant height occurred in the treatment with 70% shade. There was no influence of the use of the shading screens for the number of leaves, neck diameter and root dry mass. The use of the thermo -reflector provided a greater accumulation of dry mass of the leaves at the end of the experimental period and favored the process of releasing the nutritional demand of the bulbs to theaerial part, more efficiently than the other growing environments. The screens provided reduced temperature, increased relative humidity, marked reduction in global solar radiation, and reduced wind speed. RFA values were higher in the thermo-reflector environment when compared to the sombrite environment.