Produtividade e custos do corte de eucalipto com Feller-Buncher em função de angulações de derrubada

Abstract

The present work aimed to perform the technical and economic analysis of the feller buncher operation in three different subsystems in a eucalyptus plantation through a study of time and motion and calculation of operating and production costs using the accounting method. The study was carried out in a forest harvesting area at Monte Alegre farm that belongs to the company Klabin S.A., and is located in Telêmaco Borba, state of Paraná. The subsystems 17 ° (T1), 45 ° (T2) and 90 ° (T3) were evaluated, differing one from another by the angle at which the wood bunchers newly cut by the equipment are arranged in the soil for later skidder operation. The equipment used for the analysis was a feller buncher of the brand Tigercat, model L870 C, with 3679 hours worked, equipped with engine Cummins QSL9 Tier III (diesel) of 224 kW/300 hp of nominal power at 1800 rpm and head of Tigercat cutter model ST5702. The results showed that the greatest element of the operational cycle found in the study was the cut/accumulation, which occupied about 70% of the effective working time of the equipment. The mechanical availability, degree of utilization and operational efficiency found were 93,85 and 77% respectively. The effective yield was 138.68, 138.91 and 149.00 m³ he-1 respectively in treatments 1 (17 °), 2 (45 °) and 3 (90 °). The fuel consumption of the equipment was 44.78 L he-1, reaching a specific consumption of 169.92 g kw-1 he-1 and an energy yield of 1.22, 1.22 and 1.14 g kw-1 m³ respectively for the 17 °, 45 ° and 90 ° subsystems. The operating cost of the feller buncher was R$ 371.68 per effective hour of work, making, under the conditions evaluated, a cost of production of R$ 2.68, R$ 2.68 and R$ 2.49 per cubic meter for the 17 °, 45 ° and 90 ° subsystems respectively. The 90° angle tipping subsystem was about 7% more productive, making the cost of production cheaper in this treatment, reinforcing that, if feasible, it is important that this subsystem is used.